Historical Examinations of Paul, the Bible and Christian History
Paul in Archaeology
The Damascus Wall - This is actually the building where Paul escaped through. While there might appear to be a contradiction between the two passages our focus in this section is the actual place. It is nothing less than remarkable that many of these objects still stand.
Acts 9:19-25–...As the days mounted up, the Jews hatched a plot against his life; but their plans became known to Saul. They kept close watch on the city gates day and night so that they might murder him; but his converts took him one night and let him down by the wall, lowering him in a basket.”
2 Corinthians 11:32-33–“When I was in Damascus, the commissioner of King Aretas kept the city under observation so as to have me arrested; and I was let down in a basket through a window in the wall, and so escaped his clutches.”
Additional Archeological Sites
Theater in ephusus
Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
erastus the city treasurer
Acts 19:29 = So the whole city was filled with confusion, and rushed into the theater with one accord, having seized Gaius and Aristarchus, Macedonians, Paul’s travel companions.
erastus the city treasurer
Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
erastus the city treasurer
Romans 16:23 - Gaius, my host and the host of the whole church, greets you. Erastus, the treasurer of the city, greets you, and Quartus, a brother.
Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
Paul and Barnabas met him during their first missionary journey. He is described as “a man of intelligence, who summoned Barnabas and Saul and sought to hear the word of God” (Acts 13:7). Sergius Paulus eventually put his faith in Jesus Christ (Acts 13:12).
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Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Cyprus
Roman Proconsul Asiarchs
In Acts 19:31 we read that Paul had friends among some of the asiarchs of Ephesus.
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Timeline of Paul's Life and doings
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Additional Information
A.D. 5–10? Born in Tarsus, an Israelite from the tribe of Benjamin and a Roman citizen ( Romans 11:1, Phillipians 3:5 Acts 22:3, 28 ) raised in either Jerusalem or Tarsus
20? Trained as a Pharisee by Gamaliel I (Acts 22:3; 26:5; Gal. 1:14; Phil. 3:5–6)
30/33? Death, resurrection of Christ31–34 Present at Stephen’s stoning; persecuted Christians (Acts 7:58; 8:1; 22:4a; 26:9–11; 1 Cor. 15:9; Gal. 1:13; Phil. 3:6)
33/34*Converted, called, and commissioned on the way to Damascus (Acts 9:1–19; 22:6–11; 26:12–18; Gal. 1:15–16)33/34–
36/37Stays in Damascus a short time (Acts 9:19b); leaves for Arabia (2 Cor. 11:32; Gal. 1:17); returns to Damascus (Gal. 1:17; Acts 9:20–22?); escapes through city wall to avoid arrest (Acts 9:23–24; 2 Cor. 11:32–33)
36/37*Meets with Peter, sees James, in Jerusalem (Acts 9:26–30; Gal. 1:18) Hellenists seek to kill him; flees to Tarsus (Acts 9:28–30; Gal. 1:21)
37–45Ministers in Syria/Cilicia (2 Cor. 11:22–27?)44–47*Ministers with Barnabas in Antioch (Acts 11:25–26) Second Visit to Jerusalem; time of famine (Acts 11:27–30; Gal. 2:1–10)
46–47First Missionary Journey (Acts 13:4–14:26): 1.5 years?48*With Barnabas, spends “no little time” in Antioch (Acts 14:28; Gal. 2:11–14); writes Galatians
48–49*Returns to Jerusalem for the apostolic council (Acts 15); Paul and Barnabas return to Antioch (Acts 15:30–33), but dispute over John Mark causes them to part ways (Acts 15:36–41)
48/49–51*Second Missionary Journey (Acts 15:36–18:22): 2.5 years?
49Paul and Silas travel to southern Galatia through Asia Minor, on to Macedonia (Philippi [1 Thess. 2:2]); Thessalonica [1 Thess. 2:2; Phil. 4:15–16]; and Berea [Acts 17:10–15]), and then to Achaia (Athens [1 Thess. 3:1] and Corinth [2 Cor. 11:7–9])
49–51*Spends 1.5 years in Corinth (Acts 18:11); appears before Gallio (Acts 18:12–17); writes 1 and 2 Thessalonians51Returns to Jerusalem? (Acts 18:22)
52–57*Third Missionary Journey (Acts 18:23–21:17): 5 years?
52Travels to Antioch, spends “some time”; travels through Galatia and Phrygia (Acts 18:23)
52–55Arrives in Ephesus (Acts 19:1; 1 Cor. 16:8); ministers for three years (Acts 20:31) and writes 1 Corinthians; makes brief, “painful visit” to Corinth (2 Cor. 2:1), then returns to Ephesus and writes “severe letter” (now lost) to Corinth (2 Cor. 2:3–4; 7:8–16)
55–56*Travels north to Macedonia, meets Titus (Acts 20:1; 2 Cor. 2:12–13); writes 2 Corinthians
57*Winters in Corinth (Acts 20:2–3; 2 Cor. 9:4), writes to the Romans from Corinth; travels to Jerusalem; is arrested (Acts 21:27–36)
57–59Transferred as prisoner to Caesarea, stays for two years (Acts 24:27)
60*Voyage to Rome; shipwrecked, spends three months on Malta (Acts 28:11); finally arrives in Rome62*Under house-arrest in Rome (Acts 28:30–31), writes Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon
62–67Released from house-arrest in Rome, travels to Spain (?), writes 1 Timothy (from Macedonia?) and Titus (from Nicopolis); is rearrested, writes 2 Timothy from Rome, is martyred